Intrauterine contraceptives

Treść

Intrauterine contraception is achieved by placing a special device into the uterine cavity - a pessary, also known as an IUD. The advantage of the method is that it is permanent - a spiral placed in the uterine cavity performs a permanent barrier function, preventing the implantation of a possibly fertilized egg into the uterine mucosa. The installation itself takes place on an outpatient basis for no more than 5 minutes. It is useful for a woman to discuss with her obstetrician-gynecologist what models of pessary there are, as well as undergo a microbiological examination of the vagina and, if an infection is detected, cure it before installing a pessary. Otherwise, there is a risk of intrauterine infection.
Depending on the material, pessaries are divided into two types: inert and bioactive.
Inert drugs are less effective than bioactive ones, but they can remain in the uterus for a longer period. Bioactive pessaries belong to a new generation and contain an embedded bioactive metal (copper, silver) or hormone (progestogen). Of the hormone pessaries, the most common on the market is Mirena, which, in addition to the barrier from the "foreign body", also secretes the progestogen levonorgestrel in an amount sufficient to suppress the proliferation (expansion) of the endometrium, but not enough to lead to systemic effects on women.
All intrauterine contraceptives are a foreign body to the uterus and cause a local sterile inflammatory reaction, followed by cellular and biochemical changes in the endometrium (mucous membrane) and intrauterine contents. In addition, intrauterine pessaries placed in the uterus stimulate the release of prostaglandins from the endometrium. This leads to a contraction of the uterus, and the endometrium itself becomes an unfavorable environment for implantation of a fertilized egg. The pessary slows down the movement of sperm, and the thread passing through the cervical canal (cervical canal) disrupts the entry, mobility and capacity of sperm.
There are absolute and relative contraindications to installing an IUD. The absolute ones include: acute or chronic inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, pregnancy, malignant diseases, uterine bleeding of unknown origin, congenital or acquired uterine abnormalities that make it difficult to locate them.
Relative contraindications: previous ectopic pregnancy, blood clotting disorder, heart valve defect, a history of heavy menstruation, and others.
Complications from the presence of an intrauterine pessary:
The pain is usually immediately after installation and looks like colic. This is due to the cuts that the pessary wants to push out.
Bleeding
Bleeding after the installation of a pessary is a normal phenomenon. The cause of bleeding is the presence of vascular erosions in the area of the endometrium, which are in direct contact with the pessary.
Perforation (piercing) of the uterus is the most serious, but, fortunately, the rarest complication. This occurs during the installation of the spiral and is associated with incorrect and inaccurate orientation in the depth and direction of the uterine cavity. During perforation, a woman may experience severe pain and collapse, but there may be no complaints, since the migration of the spiral through the myometrium (the muscular layer of the uterus) is usually not accompanied by pain. Uzyskaj szybki i niezawodny dostęp do wszystkich bonusów kasynowych bez depozytu na https://nodepositcasino.pl za pomocą jednego kliknięcia. Aby otrzymać darmowe spiny za rejestrację, musisz poświęcić 2 minuty swojego czasu. Skopiuj kod promocyjny, podaj go w specjalnym polu formularza rejestracyjnego i ciesz się darmową grą w kasynie!